Effort Discounting, explained.
Effort discounting describes a reduction in subjective value associated with the effort needed to obtain an outcome.
Why it happens
Two routes exchange four steps for six tokens or eight for fourteen. A supplied linear value rule subtracts k times effort, while the chosen route requires actual button steps before tokens appear.
Effort discounting describes a reduction in subjective value associated with the effort needed to obtain an outcome.
Read the result
Tokens are earned only when the selected route’s steps are completed. The modelled net value is separate from those earned tokens and from actual subjective effort.
A worked example
Compare reward and effort on two routes
At cost per step one, compare short-route net value two with long-route net value six.
Increase cost per step to three and inspect how the declared linear tradeoff changes both values.
Choose a route and complete its steps, without treating the clicks as a fitted measure of motivation.
OPTIONAL DEEPER DETAILGo deeper: inside the model
Inside this model
Two routes exchange four steps for six tokens or eight for fourteen. A supplied linear value rule subtracts k times effort, while the chosen route requires actual button steps before tokens appear.
Where this idea is useful
A practical use
Separate a larger reward from a more attractive reward–effort tradeoff.
A common misconception
“A larger nominal reward must be the more attractive option.”
The effort required can reduce subjective value, but the relevant cost function and constraints must be specified rather than inferred from reward alone.
What this explanation leaves out
- The linear coefficient and clicking task are authored simplifications, not a fitted utility function, physical-effort measure or assessment of motivation, fatigue or ability.
Why is the linear cost not presented as a research estimate?
The coefficients are authored to expose a tradeoff; real effort valuation can be nonlinear and requires an appropriate measurement task.
What cost or constraint makes the larger reward less appealing?
Associated thinkers
Associations marked provisional are awaiting source review.
Further reading
Explore the original research or the teaching reference behind this experiment.